The author of this article is G.J. Whitrow and Giovanni Macchia. In this article the authors share their own opinions and research they’ve done on the philosophy of the universe. They get into talking about the “Absolute” Theory. they explain that the Absolute theory is like the diffusion of gas into a surrounding vacuum, but according to the relational theory it claims that while the universe is expanding, there is nothing not even empty space outside the universe. It is only a simple change from nothing to universe. The reason why I’m sharing this article is because the authors explain their own opinions about the philosophy of the universe and back it up with evidence. I find what they talk about to be very interesting and I’m sure you’ll find it interesting as well.
if you are interested in reading more about the article I have provided a link below!
universe theories 